So, let’s make a simple homemade inverter it is just a fun project which can power a50Wto100Wlightbulbor a smalltable fanwhich may create noise due toimpureandnon-sinusoidalAC input. This circuitcan’t competewith any of theinvertersavailable in the market.
Here is the simple power inverter circuit diagram using IC CD4047 and MOSFETirf540.IC CD4047 is amonostable/astable multivibrator.
IC CD4047:
CD4047is a14-pinIC, It’s alow-power CMOSlogic basedmultivibrator circuitIC. It can operate in themonostablemode orastablemode. This IC iseasyto use for both modes and requireslessexternalcomponents来操作。它有一个电压ge of3V-15Vand works best at5VDCsupply.
Now the question arises here Why ICCD4047is beingusedhere?
Theansweris that We have todrivethegatesofMOSFET.So this task is done byCD4047bygenerating方波或PWM.Most of the power inverter uses this technique to drive theMOSFETsortransistors.
Circuit Diagram for CD4047 Inverter:
Click the image to enlarge.
The circuit is simple, IC CD4047 drives the two MOSFETs which are inpush-pullconfiguration. As, the usual transformercannotwork onDC,so we have to makevoltageandcurrent changing w.r.t time.So, thefluxwillinducein thecorewhich willinduceavoltageon thesecondarywinding. You can adjust thepotentiometerto get the desiredfrequency.Usually, the frequency is50or60Hz.
Therating的etransformershould be enough to bear theoutputpower.
Battery should be greater than10Ahso that battery voltage should not drop, and it should work for a long time. The LED hereindicatesthat the power inverter isON.So, whenever it is ON,don’ttouch the inverter otherwise you will getharmed.
Components:
- IC – CD4047
- TR1 Center tapped Transformer (12V to 230V)
- R1 390 ohm (1/4watt)
- R2 330 (1/4watt)
- R5 1k (1/4watt)
- R3, R4 220 ohm (1/4watt)
- VR 100k variable resistor
- C1 0.01uF
- C2 2.2uF (450v)
- C3 0.1uF(450v)
- C4 2200uF (25V)
- D1 1N4007
- D2 LED (green red or any color)
- Q1, Q2 IRF540 (100V, 33A & 140W)
Working of Inverter using IC CD4047
In the above circuit, the battery provides 12v DC and enough current. IC CD4047 works in theastablemode it continuously changes output at pin no10and11and thus giving a square wave output they areoppositeto each other.
These two output pins areconnectedto thegate的e twoMOSFETswhich arearrangedinpush-pullconfiguration. So at a time, only one transistor is on. These transistors can handle a veryhigh currentthrough them.
Thesourceof both the MOSFETs isconnectedto thegroundand the drain is connected to the two ends of the secondary winding of the transformer. Thecentertaped wire is connected to+12VCC.
when the first MOSFETQ1is on the current path is{+ve terminal => transformer => transistor Q1 => -ve terminal of battery}, and when MOSFETQ2is on the current path is{ +ve terminal => transformer => transistor Q2 => -ve terminal of battery}.
By this method, an alternating current(AC) is produced in the secondarywinding(having less number of turns) of the transformer. This alternating currentinducesaHigh VoltageAC in the primary(having more number of turns) winding of the transformer. This induced current isnot sinusoidal,it is an alternatingsquarewave. this current can easily run 100W bulb a small table fan and some other non-sensitive electronic devices.
Some Important precautions with CD4047 Inverter circuit:
Goodqualityand largeheat sinksmust be attached with MOSFETs. These MOSFETs will gethotwhileworking.So, to avoid damage due tooverheating,heatsinks should be used.
Becarefulwhile working with this circuit due to its high voltage (230V).
To charge the battery, you can refer to this article自动12 v电池充电器. There is a need for some relays to attach the battery charger circuit. If AC main is not present, the power inverter should be ON otherwise battery should be in charging mode.
Why this circuit is not good or reliable?
The circuit made in this project is good for powering a light bulb small fan and some other insensitive devices. But it is not a reliable solution because of the following reasons
- The output is not sinusoidal in nature hence can’t be used for sensitive loads
- The output voltage is directly dependent on the input voltage.
- A small change in input side voltage may affect largely on the output voltage
- The input battery voltage may fluctuate or may get imbalanced if an unbalanced load is applied.
- This circuit does not have a feedback loop which becomes a big problem if there was a feedback loop the output could be controlled easily.
- Also, the load affects the frequency of the astable multivibrator.
if you have any query related to this circuit, feel free to ask.
what is the function of diode 1n4007? please
I made this circuit diagram project, but it’s not working.
Plz what is the need of the diode in the mosfet??. Plz help me…
Diode is the internal protection diode for MOSFET